![]() Around dawn on the second day, the same train continued south for 156 miles into America's most tropical region on the new "Key West Extension"-a single line of rail track that soared above the mangrove swamps and coral specks of the Keys, the wild archipelago that carves a delicate arc through the turquoise shallows for 150 miles south of Miami, between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. nightly, the locomotive whistled down the Atlantic coast in a mere 36 hours to balmy Miami, while passengers dined on Floridian seafood and succulent fruit. In January of 1912, the tail end of the Gilded Age, travelers could flee the northeastern winter by heading to New York's Penn Station and purchasing a luxury sleeping compartment on the Havana Special train. Satellite forecasts start in the 1960s, and with the use of different wavelengths and light properties, it now becomes possible to measure out humidity, pressure, temperature (expectof the sea), winds, cloud cover and thunderstorm activity.A century ago, a journey to the Florida Keys felt like an adventure plucked from the pages of Jules Verne. Hurricane hunters arrived at the scene by the end of World War II, which would provide very valuable information about the inner workings of hurricanes. These reports, however, would generally underestimate the storms because captains would steer away from anything that looked ugly enough. With the advent of radio in the late 19th century, ships out at sea could finally report their weather situations, and provide some measure of early warning before hurricane hunters, radars and satellite imagery completed the data collection process. Take a look at the 1899 San Ciriaco hurricane over Puerto Rico, and notice the weather vane directions in the town of Arroyo. A vane which gets a direct hit from the eye (provided it's still standing) will give two readings in opposite directions and perpendicular to the eye's track. When hurricanes pass over or near land, weather vanes will change direction depending on which part of the storm's circulation they face. Take a look at the San Ciriaco hurricane / Great Bahamas hurricane of 1899, as it was identified by using wind vanes and isobar (atmospheric pressure) mapping. With the development of weather instruments, temperature, pressure, rain, wind speed and wind direction can be first monitored. And the accepted total for Katrina also includes indirect deaths, not only those who died in nursing homes and hospitals due to disrupted care, but suicides, homicides, and those who died within a month of evacuating the state.įirst attempts to predict storms are based on barometric pressure alone, as a consequence of the Crimean War. The initial government reported death count for Katrina was somewhere around 100 in the days following its landfall, and didn't reach 1,000 until nearly a month later for much the same reason - there were more immediate priorities than counting bodies. ![]() Your point about mainlanders not realizing how badly everything broke down is a good one, but we actually experienced this with Katrina and have apparently just forgotten (despite using Katrina as a benchmark). Had Maria not hit PR, would the deceased likely still be alive in the months following? Did they die because the effects of her landfall interrupted their medication or life support? Then they should be counted in her death toll. Why wouldn't we use that same logic to count those who die as a result of the destruction left in a storm's wake? We count people who die doing prep before a storm even arrives on the assumption that if the storm weren't coming, they wouldn't have fallen off their roof or suffered a heart attack boarding up windows. Contact us to be verified as a meteorologist!Ībsolutely. Do not use the cyclone intensity flairs for links. Do not post model data or ask for forecast advice beyond 5 days (120 hours) in the future. Do not post intentionally misleading information. Do not post no-/low-effort posts or memes. Do not discuss politics, regardless of level. Do not post sexually explicit content or spam. ![]() Do not attack, troll, or threaten other users. Do not post a new thread for every NHC/RSMC update. Subreddit Rules Posts must be related to tropical cyclones. Important Threads and Links Tropical Weather Discord Tropical Weather Twitter Hurricane Supplies Megathread Tropical Weather Wiki Twitter List of WX accounts Comprehensive Tropical Cyclone Links List Weather Multireddit Current discussions Mocha Current discussions Bay of Bengal Mochaįilter By Basin Northern Atlantic Eastern Pacific Central Pacific Western Pacific Northern Indian Southern Hemisphere Clear filters
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